Files
Reactor-Sim/src/reactor_sim/fuel.py

110 lines
4.5 KiB
Python

"""Fuel behavior, burnup, and decay heat modeling."""
from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass, field
import logging
from . import constants
from .atomic import Atom, AtomicPhysics, FissionEvent, make_atom
from .state import CoreState
LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
def fuel_reactivity_penalty(burnup: float) -> float:
"""Simplistic model that penalizes reactivity as burnup increases."""
# Burnup is 0-1, penalty grows quadratically to mimic depletion.
return 0.4 * burnup**2
def decay_heat_fraction(burnup: float) -> float:
"""Return remaining decay heat fraction relative to nominal power."""
return min(0.07 + 0.2 * burnup, 0.15)
@dataclass
class FuelAssembly:
enrichment: float # fraction U-235
mass_kg: float
fissile_atom: Atom = field(default_factory=lambda: make_atom(92, 143))
atomic_physics: AtomicPhysics = field(default_factory=AtomicPhysics)
decay_activity_base: float = 1e16 # nominal decay events per second at burnup 0
def available_energy_j(self, state: CoreState) -> float:
fraction_remaining = max(0.0, 1.0 - state.burnup)
return self.mass_kg * constants.FUEL_ENERGY_DENSITY * fraction_remaining
def simulate_electron_hit(self) -> FissionEvent:
return self.atomic_physics.electron_induced_fission(self.fissile_atom)
def prompt_energy_rate(self, flux: float, control_fraction: float) -> tuple[float, FissionEvent]:
"""Compute MW thermal from prompt fission by sampling atomic physics."""
event = self.simulate_electron_hit()
effective_flux = max(0.0, flux * max(0.0, 1.0 - control_fraction))
atoms = self.mass_kg / self.fissile_atom.atomic_mass_kg
event_rate = max(
0.0,
effective_flux * constants.ELECTRON_FISSION_CROSS_SECTION * atoms * self.enrichment,
)
power_watts = event_rate * event.energy_mev * constants.MEV_TO_J
power_mw = power_watts / constants.MEGAWATT
LOGGER.debug(
"Prompt fission products %s-%d + %s-%d yielding %.2f MW",
event.products[0].symbol,
event.products[0].mass_number,
event.products[1].symbol,
event.products[1].mass_number,
power_mw,
)
return max(0.0, power_mw), event_rate, event
def decay_reaction_effects(
self, state: CoreState
) -> tuple[float, float, dict[str, float], dict[str, float]]:
"""Return (power MW, neutron source rate, product rates, particle rates)."""
# Scale activity with burnup (fission products) and a small flux contribution.
activity = self.decay_activity_base * (0.05 + state.burnup) * (1.0 + 0.00001 * state.neutron_flux)
activity = max(0.0, min(activity, 1e20))
reactions = [
self.atomic_physics.alpha_decay(self.fissile_atom),
self.atomic_physics.beta_minus_decay(self.fissile_atom),
self.atomic_physics.beta_plus_decay(self.fissile_atom),
self.atomic_physics.electron_capture(self.fissile_atom),
self.atomic_physics.gamma_emission(self.fissile_atom),
self.atomic_physics.spontaneous_fission(self.fissile_atom),
]
weights = [1.0, 1.2, 0.5, 0.4, 1.6, 0.05]
total_weight = sum(weights)
power_watts = 0.0
neutron_source = 0.0
product_rates: dict[str, float] = {}
particle_rates: dict[str, float] = {}
for event, weight in zip(reactions, weights):
rate = activity * (weight / total_weight)
power_watts += rate * event.energy_mev * constants.MEV_TO_J
for atom in event.products:
product_rates[atom.symbol] = product_rates.get(atom.symbol, 0.0) + rate
for particle in event.emitted_particles:
particle_rates[particle] = particle_rates.get(particle, 0.0) + rate
if particle == "n":
neutron_source += rate
power_mw = power_watts / constants.MEGAWATT
capped_power = min(power_mw, 0.1 * max(state.power_output_mw, 1.0))
LOGGER.debug(
"Decay reactions contribute %.2f MW (raw %.2f MW) with neutron source %.2e 1/s",
capped_power,
power_mw,
neutron_source,
)
return max(0.0, capped_power), neutron_source, product_rates, particle_rates
def decay_reaction_power(self, state: CoreState) -> float:
"""Compatibility shim: return only power contribution."""
power_mw, _, _, _ = self.decay_reaction_effects(state)
return power_mw