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Add spool dynamics for pumps and turbines

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This commit is contained in:
Codex Agent
2025-11-22 19:13:57 +01:00
parent e18f100e15
commit e81a9fdbe3
6 changed files with 144 additions and 38 deletions
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2
src/reactor_sim/constants.py
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@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@ ENVIRONMENT_TEMPERATURE = 295.0 # K
AMU_TO_KG = 1.660_539_066_60e-27
MEV_TO_J = 1.602_176_634e-13
ELECTRON_FISSION_CROSS_SECTION = 5e-16 # cm^2, tuned for simulation scale
PUMP_SPOOL_TIME = 5.0 # seconds to reach commanded flow
TURBINE_SPOOL_TIME = 12.0 # seconds to reach steady output
# Threshold inventories (event counts) for flagging common poisons in diagnostics.
KEY_POISON_THRESHOLDS = {
"Xe": 1e20, # xenon

2
src/reactor_sim/coolant.py
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@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
import logging
from . import constants
from .state import CoolantLoopState
LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ LOGGER = logging.getLogger(__name__)
class Pump:
nominal_flow: float
efficiency: float = 0.9
spool_time: float = constants.PUMP_SPOOL_TIME
def flow_rate(self, demand: float) -> float:
demand = max(0.0, min(1.0, demand))

117
src/reactor_sim/reactor.py
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@@ -167,50 +167,78 @@ class Reactor:
pump_demand = overrides.get("coolant_demand", self.control.coolant_demand(state.primary_loop))
if self.primary_pump_active:
total_flow = 0.0
pressure = 12.0 * pump_demand + 2.0
target_pressure = 12.0 * pump_demand + 2.0
loop_pressure = 0.5
target_flow = self.primary_pump.flow_rate(pump_demand)
for idx, pump_state in enumerate(state.primary_pumps):
if idx < len(self.primary_pump_units) and self.primary_pump_units[idx]:
flow = self.primary_pump.flow_rate(pump_demand)
pump_state.active = True
pump_state.flow_rate = flow
pump_state.pressure = pressure
total_flow += flow
else:
pump_state.active = False
pump_state.flow_rate = 0.0
pump_state.pressure = state.primary_loop.pressure
unit_enabled = idx < len(self.primary_pump_units) and self.primary_pump_units[idx]
desired_flow = target_flow if unit_enabled else 0.0
desired_pressure = target_pressure if unit_enabled else 0.5
pump_state.flow_rate = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.flow_rate, desired_flow, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
pump_state.pressure = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.pressure, desired_pressure, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
pump_state.active = unit_enabled or pump_state.flow_rate > 1.0
total_flow += pump_state.flow_rate
loop_pressure = max(loop_pressure, pump_state.pressure)
state.primary_loop.mass_flow_rate = total_flow
state.primary_loop.pressure = pressure
state.primary_loop.pressure = loop_pressure if total_flow > 0 else self._ramp_value(
state.primary_loop.pressure, 0.5, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
else:
state.primary_loop.mass_flow_rate = 0.0
state.primary_loop.pressure = 0.5
state.primary_loop.mass_flow_rate = self._ramp_value(
state.primary_loop.mass_flow_rate, 0.0, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
state.primary_loop.pressure = self._ramp_value(
state.primary_loop.pressure, 0.5, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
for pump_state in state.primary_pumps:
pump_state.active = False
pump_state.flow_rate = 0.0
pump_state.pressure = state.primary_loop.pressure
pump_state.flow_rate = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.flow_rate, 0.0, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
pump_state.pressure = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.pressure, state.primary_loop.pressure, dt, self.primary_pump.spool_time
)
if self.secondary_pump_active:
total_flow = 0.0
pressure = 12.0 * 0.75 + 2.0
target_pressure = 12.0 * 0.75 + 2.0
loop_pressure = 0.5
target_flow = self.secondary_pump.flow_rate(0.75)
for idx, pump_state in enumerate(state.secondary_pumps):
if idx < len(self.secondary_pump_units) and self.secondary_pump_units[idx]:
flow = self.secondary_pump.flow_rate(0.75)
pump_state.active = True
pump_state.flow_rate = flow
pump_state.pressure = pressure
total_flow += flow
else:
pump_state.active = False
pump_state.flow_rate = 0.0
pump_state.pressure = state.secondary_loop.pressure
unit_enabled = idx < len(self.secondary_pump_units) and self.secondary_pump_units[idx]
desired_flow = target_flow if unit_enabled else 0.0
desired_pressure = target_pressure if unit_enabled else 0.5
pump_state.flow_rate = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.flow_rate, desired_flow, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
pump_state.pressure = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.pressure, desired_pressure, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
pump_state.active = unit_enabled or pump_state.flow_rate > 1.0
total_flow += pump_state.flow_rate
loop_pressure = max(loop_pressure, pump_state.pressure)
state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate = total_flow
state.secondary_loop.pressure = pressure
state.secondary_loop.pressure = loop_pressure if total_flow > 0 else self._ramp_value(
state.secondary_loop.pressure, 0.5, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
else:
state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate = 0.0
state.secondary_loop.pressure = 0.5
state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate = self._ramp_value(
state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate, 0.0, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
state.secondary_loop.pressure = self._ramp_value(
state.secondary_loop.pressure, 0.5, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
for pump_state in state.secondary_pumps:
pump_state.active = False
pump_state.flow_rate = 0.0
pump_state.pressure = state.secondary_loop.pressure
pump_state.flow_rate = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.flow_rate, 0.0, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
pump_state.pressure = self._ramp_value(
pump_state.pressure, state.secondary_loop.pressure, dt, self.secondary_pump.spool_time
)
self.thermal.step_core(state.core, state.primary_loop, total_power, dt)
if not self.secondary_pump_active or state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate <= 1.0:
@@ -219,7 +247,7 @@ class Reactor:
transferred = heat_transfer(state.primary_loop, state.secondary_loop, total_power)
self.thermal.step_secondary(state.secondary_loop, transferred)
self._step_turbine_bank(state, transferred)
self._step_turbine_bank(state, transferred, dt)
self._maintenance_tick(state, dt)
if (not self.secondary_pump_active or state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate <= 1.0) and total_power > 50.0:
@@ -253,7 +281,7 @@ class Reactor:
sum(t.load_demand_mw for t in state.turbines),
)
def _step_turbine_bank(self, state: PlantState, steam_power_mw: float) -> None:
def _step_turbine_bank(self, state: PlantState, steam_power_mw: float, dt: float) -> None:
if not state.turbines:
return
active_indices = [
@@ -265,9 +293,9 @@ class Reactor:
break
turbine_state = state.turbines[idx]
if idx in active_indices:
turbine.step(state.secondary_loop, turbine_state, steam_power_mw=power_per_unit)
turbine.step(state.secondary_loop, turbine_state, steam_power_mw=power_per_unit, dt=dt)
else:
self._reset_turbine_state(turbine_state)
self._spin_down_turbine(turbine_state, dt, turbine.spool_time)
self._dispatch_consumer_load(state, active_indices)
def _reset_turbine_state(self, turbine_state: TurbineState) -> None:
@@ -276,6 +304,23 @@ class Reactor:
turbine_state.load_demand_mw = 0.0
turbine_state.load_supplied_mw = 0.0
@staticmethod
def _ramp_value(current: float, target: float, dt: float, time_constant: float) -> float:
if time_constant <= 0.0:
return target
alpha = min(1.0, max(0.0, dt / time_constant))
return current + (target - current) * alpha
def _spin_down_turbine(self, turbine_state: TurbineState, dt: float, time_constant: float) -> None:
turbine_state.shaft_power_mw = self._ramp_value(turbine_state.shaft_power_mw, 0.0, dt, time_constant)
turbine_state.electrical_output_mw = self._ramp_value(
turbine_state.electrical_output_mw, 0.0, dt, time_constant
)
turbine_state.load_demand_mw = 0.0
turbine_state.load_supplied_mw = self._ramp_value(
turbine_state.load_supplied_mw, 0.0, dt, time_constant
)
def _dispatch_consumer_load(self, state: PlantState, active_indices: list[int]) -> None:
total_electrical = sum(state.turbines[idx].electrical_output_mw for idx in active_indices)
if self.consumer:

13
src/reactor_sim/turbine.py
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@@ -26,12 +26,14 @@ class Turbine:
generator_efficiency: float = constants.GENERATOR_EFFICIENCY
mechanical_efficiency: float = constants.STEAM_TURBINE_EFFICIENCY
rated_output_mw: float = 400.0 # cap per unit electrical output
spool_time: float = constants.TURBINE_SPOOL_TIME
def step(
self,
loop: CoolantLoopState,
state: TurbineState,
steam_power_mw: float = 0.0,
dt: float = 1.0,
) -> None:
enthalpy = 2_700.0 + loop.steam_quality * 600.0
mass_flow = loop.mass_flow_rate * 0.6
@@ -43,8 +45,8 @@ class Turbine:
shaft_power_mw = electrical / max(1e-6, self.generator_efficiency)
condenser_temp = max(305.0, loop.temperature_in - 20.0)
state.steam_enthalpy = enthalpy
state.shaft_power_mw = shaft_power_mw
state.electrical_output_mw = electrical
state.shaft_power_mw = _ramp(state.shaft_power_mw, shaft_power_mw, dt, self.spool_time)
state.electrical_output_mw = _ramp(state.electrical_output_mw, electrical, dt, self.spool_time)
state.condenser_temperature = condenser_temp
LOGGER.debug(
"Turbine output: shaft=%.1fMW electrical=%.1fMW condenser=%.1fK",
@@ -52,3 +54,10 @@ class Turbine:
electrical,
condenser_temp,
)
def _ramp(current: float, target: float, dt: float, time_constant: float) -> float:
if time_constant <= 0.0:
return target
alpha = min(1.0, max(0.0, dt / time_constant))
return current + (target - current) * alpha

15
tests/test_simulation.py
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@@ -129,3 +129,18 @@ def test_secondary_pump_unit_toggle_can_restart_pump():
assert reactor.secondary_pump_units == [True, False]
assert reactor.secondary_pump_active is True
assert state.secondary_loop.mass_flow_rate > 0.0
def test_primary_pumps_spool_up_over_seconds():
reactor = Reactor.default()
state = reactor.initial_state()
# Enable both pumps and command full flow; spool should take multiple steps.
target_flow = reactor.primary_pump.flow_rate(1.0) * len(reactor.primary_pump_units)
reactor.step(state, dt=1.0, command=ReactorCommand(primary_pump_on=True, coolant_demand=1.0))
first_flow = state.primary_loop.mass_flow_rate
assert 0.0 < first_flow < target_flow
for _ in range(10):
reactor.step(state, dt=1.0, command=ReactorCommand(coolant_demand=1.0))
assert state.primary_loop.mass_flow_rate == pytest.approx(target_flow, rel=0.1)

33
tests/test_turbine.py Normal file
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@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
import pytest
from reactor_sim.state import CoolantLoopState, TurbineState
from reactor_sim.turbine import Turbine
def test_turbine_spools_toward_target_output():
turbine = Turbine()
loop = CoolantLoopState(
temperature_in=600.0,
temperature_out=650.0,
pressure=6.0,
mass_flow_rate=20_000.0,
steam_quality=0.9,
)
state = TurbineState(
steam_enthalpy=0.0,
shaft_power_mw=0.0,
electrical_output_mw=0.0,
condenser_temperature=300.0,
)
target_electric = min(
turbine.rated_output_mw, 300.0 * turbine.mechanical_efficiency * turbine.generator_efficiency
)
dt = 5.0
turbine.step(loop, state, steam_power_mw=300.0, dt=dt)
assert 0.0 < state.electrical_output_mw < target_electric
for _ in range(5):
turbine.step(loop, state, steam_power_mw=300.0, dt=dt)
assert state.electrical_output_mw == pytest.approx(target_electric, rel=0.05)